Conventional isolating materials
The mineral wools remain the most used. So interrogations could be born as for toxicity from these materials, the gateway Office for search on cancer placed mineral wools in Group 3 of its classification which gathers five hundred chemicals. Taking into account the current scientific knowledge, they cannot be regarded as potentially cancerogenic.
The or expanded polystyrene is the second large family of interior isolating material. Its performances are similar to those of mineral wools. The fiber issuing is completely excluded since it does not have any. But its manufacture requires much energy.
The wool of hemp
It is obtained starting from fibers of hemp disintegrated mechanically, refined, gauged, . Flexible panels thus are obtained. Crop product, natural, healthy and “breathing”, hemp is an annual plant which gives an easily renewable raw material. It is cultivated without pesticides and insecticides. It does not contain any additive likely to harm the environment. Very good heat insulator and phonic, hemp is stable in time, resistant to the insects and rotproof. The wool of hemp can thus be used to replace mineral wools.
The wool of sheep
It is completely natural (without any other mixed fiber), it is which can be recycled and renewable. In addition to its thermal qualities of good level, it has an excellent hygrometrical capacity. It can indeed fix up to 33 % of its water weight and restore it while drying, without losing its insulating capacities. The rodents do not attack it and it is not easily flammable. The wool of sheep is discussed against the mites. It can be used to replace mineral wools. It is an approved material of insulation. It is a fundamental quality to implement an insulation “breathing” while improving interior comfort.
Cellulose wadding
Very economic, the cellulose wadding is manufactured starting from recycled papers and newspapers. It is at the same time a phonic heat insulator and of good level, and a cheap ecological isolating material which can be used to replace glass wools or of rock. In order to protect it from the insects, of the moulds and fire, it is discussed with the boron salt and silicates, products nontoxic.
Ventilation
In the houses, the 2005 recommends two types of at least:
- The hygroadjustable one is the most widespread die. The mouths of extraction adapt the air flow according to the water content detected in the part, a minimal flow being always maintained to renew the interior air. The air intake can be self-adjustable, letting enter in housing a constant volume of air ( hygroadjustable A) type. They can be also hygroadjustable ( hygroadjustable B) type.
- Another solution: double-flow. It is the most powerful solution. The recover the heat contained in the foul air to heat the new air which enters in housing, which decreases the requirements in heating. Some are equipped with exchangers high return which recover up to 92% of the calories contained in the interior air, which makes it possible to save up to 20% on its invoice of heating. This type of split improves air quality interior, the new air being filtered before entering housing. More expensive than hygroadjustable the the product except installation costs five times more expensive , double flow can be equipped with a Canadian shaft. Tested technique, this operative paragraph is composed of a pipe buried in the ground in which circulates the air which will be moderate the summer and preheated the winter. The air will be then distributed in housing via double flow. This technique ensures the inhabitants a comfort of interesting summer which avoids resorting to air-conditioning.